Innovation Archive

McKinsey: The economic potential of generative AI

Posted in: CRM, Firmy, Informatyka w Firmie, Inkubator Menedżerów, Innovation, Zarządzanie Finansowe

Generative AI is poised to unleash the next wave of productivity. We take a first look at where business value could accrue and the potential impacts on the workforce.

AI has permeated our lives incrementally, through everything from the tech powering our smartphones to autonomous-driving features on cars to the tools retailers use to surprise and delight consumers. As a result, its progress has been almost imperceptible. Clear milestones, such as when AlphaGo, an AI-based program developed by DeepMind, defeated a world champion Go player in 2016, were celebrated but then quickly faded from the public’s consciousness.

Generative AI applications such as ChatGPT, GitHub Copilot, Stable Diffusion, and others have captured the imagination of people around the world in a way AlphaGo did not, thanks to their broad utility—almost anyone can use them to communicate and create—and preternatural ability to have a conversation with a user. The latest generative AI applications can perform a range of routine tasks, such as the reorganization and classification of data. But it is their ability to write text, compose music, and create digital art that has garnered headlines and persuaded consumers and households to experiment on their own. As a result, a broader set of stakeholders are grappling with generative AI’s impact on business and society but without much context to help them make sense of it.

The speed at which generative AI technology is developing isn’t making this task any easier. ChatGPT was released in November 2022. Four months later, OpenAI released a new large language model, or LLM, called GPT-4 with markedly improved capabilities.¹ Similarly, by May 2023, Anthropic’s generative AI, Claude, was able to process 100,000 tokens of text, equal to about 75,000 words in a minute—the length of the average novel—compared with roughly 9,000 tokens when it was introduced in March 2023.² And in May 2023, Google announced several new features powered by generative AI, including Search Generative Experience and a new LLM called PaLM 2 that will power its Bard chatbot, among other Google products.³

To grasp what lies ahead requires an understanding of the breakthroughs that have enabled the rise of generative AI, which were decades in the making. For the purposes of this report, we define generative AI as applications typically built using foundation models. These models contain expansive artificial neural networks inspired by the billions of neurons connected in the human brain. Foundation models are part of what is called deep learning, a term that alludes to the many deep layers within neural networks. Deep learning has powered many of the recent advances in AI, but the foundation models powering generative AI applications are a step-change evolution within deep learning. Unlike previous deep learning models, they can process extremely large and varied sets of unstructured data and perform more than one task.

More in the McKinsey Report: The economic potential of generative AI

Authors
Michael Chui
Eric Hazan
Roger Roberts
Alex Singla
Kate Smaje
Alex Sukharevsky
Lareina Yee
Rodney Zemmel

ATINER: “Artificial Intelligence and Labor Market Effects”

Posted in: Anti-equilibrium, Innovation, Makroekonomia, Nowe Technologie, Zarządzanie Firmą

Inspired by a paper recently released by the Macdonald-Laurier Institute (20230831_Artificial-Intelligence-Cross_PAPER.pdf (macdonaldlaurier.ca), ATINER would like to organize a roundtable discussion on “Artificial Intelligence and Labor Market Effects“. This roundtable discussion will be organized by ATINER’s Business, Economics and Law Division (www.atiner.gr/blrd) (Director: Dr. Michael P. Malloy, Distinguished Professor & Scholar, University of the Pacific, USA) as part of the 17^th Annual International Conference on Global Studies: Business, Economic, Political, Social and Cultural Aspects (18-21 December 2023), Athens, Greece (www.atiner.gr/cbc).

Dr. Gregory T. Papanikos, President, Athens Institute for Education and Research (ATINER)

Artificial intelligence (AI) is emerging as the most discussed technological, social, and economic phenomenon of 2023. But many people are concerned that if it proves to be an improvement over human intelligence, AI will significantly reduce the demand for labour, especially for middle-class jobs.

This paper looks at the possible economic impacts of AI. It makes no attempt to forecast how AI will evolve and does not address broader concerns about whether
the capabilities of AI will outrun the ability of humans to understand and manage this technology. Rather, it examines the economic impact of AI so far and compares its evolution with past forecasts of how technological change would affect workers. It cautions against a rush to increase government regulations and spending based on as yet unfounded concerns about the impact of AI on jobs.

Machine automation has been feared for its impact on human jobs since the Industrial Revolution began. Earlier eras of automation disrupted employment patterns in farming and factories, but overall job growth actually accelerated as higher incomes drove the expansion of other industries. Despite that experience, there are numerous forecasts that the deployment of AI will lead to widespread job losses.

Compounding the anxiety of potential job losses is the fear that AI will displace middle-class jobs and that the rewards from the widespread deployment of AI will accrue to a small number of people who own the capital and will thereby increase inequality.

The reality is that recent developments in the labour market are the exact opposite of these gloomy predictions. Employment rates are at an all-time high. The main difficulty of employers is finding workers in a labour market where unemployment is near historic lows. While AI technology was predicted to be a unique threat to white collar jobs, white collar employment in Canada, the US, and Britain continues to increase steadily. This raises the possibility that AI will be deployed to help workers do their jobs better – not to get rid of employees.

More: Philip Cross, “Artificial Intelligence”

Atiner Conferences

Deloitte: Pięć kluczowych kompetencji przywództwa w transformacji technologicznej

Posted in: Artykuły, Inkubator Menedżerów, Innovation, Marketing

W pierwszej części wyników badania Deloitte 2023 Global Technology Leadership Study przedstawiamy, w jaki sposób ewoluowały role liderów w obszarze technologicznym oraz jakie kompetencje powinna posiadać kadra zarządzająca, aby odnieść sukces w obecnym środowisku, aby skutecznie przeprowadzić transformację technologiczną.

Dzisiejsi liderzy technologiczni rozumieją, że ich rola ulega zmianie. Nie wystarczy być ekspertem od transformacji technologii, specjalistą IT, czy profesjonalnym dostawcą usług. Przywództwo technologiczne jest obecnie sportem zespołowym, który stawia na pierwszym miejscu umiejętności współpracy, komunikacji, koordynacji i współtworzenia.

– mówi Anna Wiącek-Kocot, partnerka w Zespole Strategii i Transformacji Technologii, Deloitte.

Przywódcy technologiczni powinni kierować zsynchronizowanym zespołem o wielu talentach i kompetencjach, który pracuje nad transformacją przedsiębiorstwa. Badanie Deloitte Global Technology Leadership Study 2023 pokazuje, w jaki sposób liderzy technologiczni nie tylko radzą sobie z tym wyzwaniem, ale także jak wytyczają nowe ścieżki kariery dla siebie i pracowników w swoich zespołach.

Webinar: Jak być skutecznym liderem technologicznym?

Kluczowe wnioski z raportu Deloitte Global Technology Leadership Study 2023

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Rolą działu technologii nie jest już tylko zapewnienie niezakłóconego przebiegu procesów biznesowych, ale także płynnego zarządzania całą firmą. Kilka lat temu technologia spełniała swoją rolę, gdy była niewidoczna dla organizacji. Dziś za sukces trzeba uznać, gdy w sposób aktywny, ale niezauważalny, na równi z innymi obszarami wytycza kierunek funkcjonowania biznesu.

– mówi Krzysztof Kozłowski, CTO w Warner Bros. Discovery TVN.

W tej publikacji – pierwszej z cyklu czterech – omawiamy tę zmianę bardziej szczegółowo i podkreślamy pięć różnych kompetencji, które CIOs/CTOs powinni rozwinąć, aby stać się transformacyjnymi liderami technologicznymi.

Ewolucja przywództwa technologicznego

Od czasu naszego badania z 2020 roku technologia nadal tworzy nowe sposoby działania organizacji. To, wraz z presją pandemii COVID-19, przyczyniło się do rozproszenia i rozszerzenia roli liderów technologicznych. Pojawiły się nowe możliwości wykorzystania i zarabiania na danych, a technologia jest postrzegana nie tylko jako czynnik umożliwiający realizację strategii, ale także jako jej współtwórca. Świadczy o tym powstanie m.in. stanowisk Chief Data Officer, czy też Chief Digital Officer.

Prawie jedna czwarta badanych przez nas organizacji posiada Chief Data Officer’a (27%) lub Chief Digital Officer’a (25%). 72% ankietowanych firm zawiera w swoich strukturach stanowisko Chief Information Offier’a, 51%, Chief Technology Officer’a oraz 47% Chief Information Security Officer’a. Z kolei 9% przedsiębiorstw posiada trzy stanowiska – Chief Digital Officer’a, Chief Data Officer’a oraz Chief Technology Officer’a.

To rozszerzenie funkcji jest prawdopodobnie wynikiem szerokiego spektrum oczekiwań. Z jednej strony oczekuje się, że liderzy będą innowacyjni i strategiczni, a z drugiej – że zapewnią niezawodność operacyjną i cyfrowe bezpieczeństwo. Respondenci poproszeni o wskazanie pięciu najważniejszych obszarów, którym poświęcają większość swojego czasu, stwierdzili, że oczekuje się od nich nadania priorytetu wszystkim aspektom, począwszy od rozwoju strategii biznesowej/cyfrowej (35%), poprzez innowacje (22%), aż po zapewnienie biegłości technologicznej organizacji (15%) (wykres 1).

Ponadto, ankietowani liderzy zauważają ogólne rozszerzenie oczekiwań wobec ich roli. Wymaga się od nich kierowania inicjatywami obejmującymi całą organizację, m.in.: rozwojem biegłości technologicznej (43%), innowacjami (37%), a także planowaniem strategicznym (13%). Co ciekawe, respondenci wskazali również, że nadal oczekuje się, iż funkcja technologiczna będzie dostarczać narzędzi i analiz w obszarach takich jak programy różnorodności, równości i integracji (DEE), czy też inicjatywy ESG.

Pięć kompetencji transformacyjnego przywództwa technologicznego

Przy tak wielu różnych rolach i obowiązkach, w jaki sposób liderzy technologiczni mogą skutecznie kreować wartość dla organizacji?

Z naszego badania wynika, że ci, którzy wyróżniają się na tle innych, nie tylko posiadają podstawowe kompetencje, takie jak biegłość w posługiwaniu się technologią, zarządzanie danymi i ich monetyzacja, innowacyjność, zarządzanie zmianą i wyczucie biznesowe, ale stosują też ustrukturyzowane, oparte na kompetencjach podejście, w ramach którego rozwijają i pielęgnują pięć odrębnych umiejętności w swoich organizacjach i zespołach przywódczych.

Więcej: Deloitte

ESG – trend or necessity? Shipping, ports, offshore and shipyards under the pressure of innovators

Posted in: Anti-equilibrium, Firmy, Innovation, Logistyka, Marketing, Nowe Technologie, Prawo

By Marek Grzybowski

An ESG guidance for shipping was published this summer,. The implementation of an ESG strategy in shipping has implications throughout the ship supply and operation chain, from design through manufacturing, operation and port service.
The guide, developed jointly by Mærsk Mc-Kinney Møller Center for Zero Carbon Shipping experts together with Boston Consulting Group analysts, is intended to help companies operating in maritime transport implement comprehensive ESG (Environmental, Social and Governance) strategies. The essence of ESG was explained during a special webinar by Tanja Dalgaard, Chief Strategy & Operations Officer, Anne Katrine Bjerregaard Head of Strategy & Sustainability Office, Mikkel Krogsgaard Managing Director & Partner, BCG Peter Jameson Partner, BCG.
– In the world of maritime business, as in other industries, ESG reporting covers topics such as recycling, greenhouse gas emissions, other types of air pollution, environmental impact, business ethics, employee health and safety, as well as safety management and prevention accidents, explain DNV experts.
Remi Eriksen, Group President and CEO, DNV and Knut Ørbeck-Nilssen, CEO of DNV GL, pointed out the need for a comprehensive approach to the implementation of the ESG strategy during the presentation of the “Energy Transition Outlook 2023” and “Maritime safety trends” reports during Nor Shipping 2023.

ESG sets standards
According to DNV, ESG reports and sustainability reports are intended to reveal the achievement of parameters in all three areas that are important for the functioning of a modern company. Reporting these parameters is intended to meet the expectations of stakeholders cooperating with the partner.
It’s about being transparent in assessing corporate responsibility. The report makes it possible to publish information that a business partner has rules, initiatives and strategies for managing under risk conditions and the ability to take advantage of the opportunities offered by management that takes into account ESG requirements.
In maritime industries, reports are published by leading companies operating both in the shipbuilding industry and maritime transport, in ports and offshore, in fishing and tourism, as well as companies operating in the vicinity of these industries.

ESG in ports

“Cargo operators recognize the role of ports [in implementing the ESG strategy] and will favor those who act according to the requirements,” noted Mark Nailer, head of the maritime division at Midstream in an article for Hellenic’s “Shipping News Worldwide”. In his opinion, “the adverse impact of the global port and terminal sector on [substances and CO2 – MG] emissions and local communities is significant.
Emissions and air pollution account for a large part of this impact, while the safety of workers [ports – MG] is another major concern. It is estimated that reducing port emissions could directly improve the health of more than 3.5 billion people by reducing air and water pollution – and indirectly improve health and well-being by helping to mitigate climate change, Nailer points to the UNCTAD report.

ESG in the shipbuilding industry
In many cases, it has already been said that shipyards should be hybrid, i.e. ensuring production and repairs taking into account environmental, social and ethical requirements.
One of the leading shipyards in implementing ESG is the Hyundai Heavy Industries Group (HHI). Already at the beginning of 2021, it adopted an ESG strategy. Within the five companies operating in the HHI Group, committees have been established for environmental protection, shaping social responsibility and implementing ethical management practices. The five participating companies are: Hyundai Mipo Dockyard Co., Hyundai Construction Equipment Co., Hyundai Electric Energy Systems Co., Hyundai Heavy Industries Co. and Hyundai Samho Heavy Industries Co.

Why (not only) Shipping Companies Don’t Have an ESG Plan
Increasingly, however, many shippers and logistics companies, as well as final recipients, demand information about the comprehensive carbon footprint related to the transport of goods between ports, and often from the producer to the consumer. High demands are placed on sea tourism and ferry operators. This is increasingly required of fish and seafood producers and processors as well as logisticians operating in this industry.
Offshore oil and gas operators and wind farm builders pay attention to sustainable development. It can be expected that the ESG strategy will soon become the flagship of every company that intends to operate in the maritime industry. On the other hand, the ESG standard will determine the level of involvement of shipowners and ports, offshore operators and fish producers in the sustainable development of our globe.

More: BSSC

BCG – Most Innovative Companies 2023

Posted in: CRM, Innovation, Logistyka, Makroekonomia, Marketing, Raport z Rynku, Zarządzanie Firmą

For the third straight year, the evidence is mounting: companies that both prioritize innovation and make sure that they are ready to act are widening the gap over less capable competitors. The leaders at these firms are consistently delivering new products, entering new
markets, and establishing new revenue streams. The laggards struggle to make headway beyond incremental improvements.

This year, the findings from our global innovation survey dovetail with other new BCG research showing that companies
built for the future share a common set of attributes that enable them to exhibit superior performance, be more resilient to shocks and disruptions, and exploit innovation faster for value-creating growth. In addition to people and technology capabilities (including, importantly, AI), one of these attributes is an innovation-driven culture.

In this year’s Most Innovative Companies report, we examine what innovation-ready leaders (those that are ready to develop product, process, and business model innovations that can deliver sustainable impact) are doing to pull ahead and how innovation is building their resilience to economic uncertainty and fueling their pursuit of lower emissions. In “A Downturn Ups the Stakes in Innovation,” we explore how a potential downturn in 2023 is evoking a much different response than did the 2009 financial crisis, especially among leading firms. In “How Early Winners Are Unlocking AI’s Potential,” we dig into the critical role of artificial intelligence (AI) in innovation as in many other areas of business today.

More: BCG Publications 2023

Innovation has never been more important—and leading innovators are showing why. The top 50 companies in the 2023 Most Innovative Companies report outperform the MSCI World Index on shareholder return by 3.3 percentage points per year.

How Leaders Are Demonstrating the Advantages of Innovation

In this year’s Most Innovative Companies report, we examine what innovation-ready leaders (those that are ready to develop product, process, and business model innovations that can deliver sustainable impact) are doing to pull ahead. We also discuss the importance of innovation in terms of how it helps leaders build their resilience to economic uncertainty.

Download the 2023 Most Innovative Companies report

The Formula for Innovation from Leading Companies

Leaders are consistently delivering new products, entering new markets, and establishing new revenue streams, while laggards struggle to make headway beyond incremental improvements.

Read chapter one

Explore the interactive rankings

A Downturn Ups the Stakes in Innovation

Times have changed. During the 2009 downturn, only 58% of companies planned to increase spending and almost 15% expected to cut innovation investment. Today, a growing number of companies are beginning to recognize the advantages of innovation, with 79% ranking it among their top three priorities (15 points more than in 2009) and 66% planning to increase spending (42% by more than 10%).

Read chapter two

How Early Winners Are Unlocking AI’s Potentials

The question is not whether AI can have an impact, but rather if companies are using AI properly and for use cases with the potential to drive real business value.

Read chapter three

Building Resilience and Advantage Through Innovation

Once again, we see the most innovative companies producing greater shareholder returns and building resilience and advantage through innovation. BCG’s 2023 global survey highlights the advantages of innovation and how leaders are outpacing others by using tools whose importance is climbing fast, such as M&A, portfolio planning, and AI.

Our 2023 survey found a near-record high level of innovation importance: 79% of companies ranked innovation among their top three priorities, up from 75% in 2022, and more than 40% expect to significantly increase spending this year, a jump of 16 percentage points over the last economic downturn in 2009.

But there is also an emerging group of companies that is going much further and putting innovation front and center in their future growth strategies. While all companies on average expect to allocate more money toward incremental innovations close to the core, this small group of innovation-ready companies is allocating fully one-third of spending toward developing breakthrough innovations.

These companies use a wide array of strategic tools to strengthen their innovation platforms and practices and are much more aggressive in their use of M&A, targeting innovative technologies or processes, or acquiring leaders and employees with a demonstrated ability to innovate. They also are more likely to orchestrate or participate in ecosystems, engaging with external partners—and even competitors—on innovations. They drive digital innovation with a clear bias toward new digital products, agile teaming, and improving customer and marketing insights. They leverage the power of innovation in AI, and regularly review the performance of innovation units or vehicles and shift resources toward centers of success. They understand that effective portfolio governance and management, especially with respect to data transparency, are key to driving impact.

Explore 17 years of the 50 most innovative companies

Authors: By Justin Manly, Michael Ringel, Amy MacDougall, Will Cornock, Johann D. Harnoss, Konstantinos Apostolatos, Ramón Baeza, Ryoji Kimura, Michael Ward, Beth Viner, Jean-Manuel Izaret, Wendi Backler, Vladimir Lukic, Sylvain Duranton, and Romain de Laubier